Concrete armour units for rubble mound breakwaters and sea walls: recent progress

The report summarises the results of a research study on the design and performance of concrete armour units. It includes details of hydraulic model tests to identify armour unit movement or displacement, wave reflection and run-up levels; calculation of armour units loads; new mathematical and physical modelling techniques; and analysis of data from prototype experience. The report includes results from a number of physical model studies, a comprehensive list of references, and a bibliography. The report recommends that design procedures for concrete armour units must include the identification of the loads applied to, and the strength of, the armour units, and the report summarises a number of appropriate methods. It is further suggested that slender units can only offer high levels of stability if reinforced.